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Diagnosis of Tissue Damage From Micron to Centimeter Depths Using Non-Contact Near Infrared

(L. Zubkov, M Weingarten, M Neidrauer)

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Drexel University’s recently developed frequency domain NIR hardware and algorithms are fundamentally different from the existing DNIRS monitors, and can therefore measure tissue damage at precisely controlled depths from 150 µm to 1 cm without any contact with patient and with results that are not sensitive to surface reflectivity or ambient lighting.

Burns: It is critical to be able to precisely control the depth of measurement in burns so that the depth of tissue damage can be precisely quantified. Clinical treatment protocols for both burns and pressure ulcers are dependent upon the depth of tissue damage. Studies have shown that experienced burn physicians incorrectly diagnose the viability of partial-thickness burns 30-40% of the time. Therefore, a quantitative, objective method of assessing burn depth via Hb oxygenation would improve patient outcomes and reduce hospital stays for burn victims.

Pressure ulcers: Proper classification of existing pressure ulcers is critical because it drives treatment recommendations. In practice, it is difficult to differentiate stage I PUs from suspected DTI, especially in patients with darker skin tones, because both manifest themselves as intact skin with redness or discoloration. Currently, clinicians classify pressure ulcers based on surface appearance and palpation. A quantitative, objective method of measuring the depth of tissue damage (via Hb oxygenation data) would enable precise differentiation of stage I pressure ulcers from DTI, allowing clinicians to give the appropriate treatment.