High-Altitude Balloon Launch Will Provide Insight on Ozone Reactions During Eclipses

A team of Drexel University engineering students are traveling to Texas this week to launch a high-altitude balloon during the October 14 solar eclipse. Their goal is to study the rapid changes in ozone chemistry that occur when sunlight is temporarily blocked by the moon during an eclipse.

ballon launch for ozone layer

Ozone is produced in the stratosphere through a chemical reaction involving sunlight. The Drexel team hypothesizes that ozone concentrations will drop rapidly when sunlight cuts off, and they plan to measure this change using an ozonesonde instrument attached to their balloon. The findings will provide insights into ozone production and degradation mechanisms.

The balloon payload will also include a PTERODACTYL instrument. PTERODACTYL stands for "Payload To Enable Recording Of Data And Communication Telemetry Y(While) Lofted." It is equipped with sensors to measure the balloon's location via GPS, temperature, and other atmospheric conditions during the flight. The data gathered by PTERODACTYL will allow the team to correlate the ozone measurements with the environmental conditions at different altitudes and to keep track of their experiment during its untethered flight.

The team has refined their ballooning skills over several tethered test launches near campus. The tethered tests have enabled them to fine-tune the instruments and ground communications prior to launch.

"The logistics of launching a balloon, having it at the right altitude at the right time and location during an eclipse is super tricky – so we need practice with that," says Richard Cairncross, PhD, professor of chemical and biological engineering and the project lead. "We also need to confirm that all the equipment works properly and can handle the demanding high-altitude conditions."

The experiment is part of the Nationwide Eclipse Ballooning Project (NEBP), which engages college students in hands-on engineering and atmospheric science activities during solar eclipses. The nationwide ballooning project involves over 100 college teams and is led by the Montana Space Grant Consortium. The Drexel team is collaborating with a science class from Springside Chestnut Hill Academy on the project.

Serenity Baruzzini, a fourth-year general engineering major who is minoring in STEM education, is grateful for the opportunity to work with younger students. "This project allows me to experience both the technical engineering work and educational outreach components," she said.

The launch will help the team finalize their choices of instrumentation and the design of their payload before the total solar eclipse on April 8, 2024.